What are the Main Components of a Solar Panel?
Have you ever wondered what makes a solar panel so amazingly efficient? Solar energy has been gaining popularity, but the magic happens inside a solar panel. The glossy surface of the solar panels has an intricate system of many components. These components of solar panel work together to harness the sun's amazing energy.
Understanding these components isn’t just for curious people, but also for people who are looking to invest in solar power systems. In this blog, we’ll break down the solar panel components and explore their importance.
Main Components of a Solar PV Module
Before we move on to the components of solar panel, we ought to clear up a common misconception. A solar PV module is made up of several solar cells that combine to produce electricity by means of the photovoltaic effect. And when the modules are linked together, they form a solar panel.
Learn more here: Cells, Modules, Panels, and Arrays.
1. Solar Cells
You can call solar cells the heart of the system. These cells are what allow a solar panel to function; they are composed of silicon, a semiconductor material. One of the main components of solar panel is solar photovoltaic cells. The electrons in the panel are excited by the sun's rays and produce direct current electricity.
There are two types of solar cells: Monocrystalline solar cells and Polycrystalline solar cells
2. Solar Glass
The top layer and another important components of solar panel is glass. This transparent cover sitting on top of the solar cells offers protection. The fragile solar panels components need the protective shield of solar glass. It protects the solar cells against harsh weather while letting abundant sunlight reach them.
The tempered glass’s main function is to maximize the light transmission and protect the photovoltaic cells. Solar glass is what helps increase a panel’s energy absorption.
3. EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate)
With all the protection they require, we can say solar cells are really fragile. Apart from the protective layer of solar glass, solar cells require EVA, one of the main components of solar panel. This encapsulation layer offers safety to the cells from dust and moisture while also binding the glass and solar cells together.
It holds everything together and prevents the degradation of solar cells. All of this makes EVA one of the vital solar panel components.
4. Backsheet
By now, you already know how high-functioning solar panels require protection. One of the important components of solar panel is the back sheet. It protects the solar cells and other components from environmental factors like dust, moisture, and UV radiation.
It's made of polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), a durable material. Do you know what would happen without a backsheet? Your solar panel will become weak and ultimately, dysfunctional!
5. Aluminium Frame
You can call the frames a support system for the solar panels. The aluminium frame, one of the most important components of solar panel, supports the panels structurally and also helps maintain the efficiency of solar panels. These are a great help, along with different types of solar mounting structures. Because it resists corrosion, the aluminum frame is thought to be perfect for outdoor settings.
The efficiency of the solar panel will drastically decrease in the absence of an aluminum frame.
6. Junction Box
On the backside of the solar panels, you’ll find one of the best and crucial components of solar panel, the Junction Box! This box is where all the important wiring happens to ensure the flow of current to the inverter.
The diodes inside the junction box prevent the reverse flow of current and enhance the efficiency of a solar panel system. This also reduces the potential risk of damage.
7. Interconnectors
Some sites and businesses require large solar installations, and interconnectors are what help in such cases. Many solar modules need to be connected together in order to get maximum output. Small electrical connectors link these modules in a series, creating a network.
Interconnectors are one of the most crucial components of solar panel. Because of them, solar panels produce electricity in large amounts.
8. Inverters
Inverters are also considered the main components of solar panel due to their function. You already know solar panels generate direct current (DC) electricity, which most households can't use. An inverter converts direct current into alternating current (AC).
With the help of inverters, a solar panel becomes really useful for generating usable electricity.
Other Components of a Solar Panel Include:
● Solar Battery - When solar panels aren't working, a solar battery can be used to store extra electricity.
● Sealants - A substance applied to the edges of solar panels to keep them safe. It provides support and protection to the components.
● Anti-reflective Coating - This layer reduces light reflection and increases sunlight absorption. Helpful in maximising the energy output.
Why Components of Solar Panel Matter
By now, you’d have a clear picture of solar panel components and their function in your mind. Each part of a solar panel has different purposes, and when they come together, they form your amazing solar power system.
All the elements used in a solar cell are responsible for the amazing function that solar cells offer. Solar cells convert sunlight into electricity. And the protective solar glass protects solar cells and other solar panel components.
The quality of the components of solar panel is what matters a lot too. For example, a high-quality EVA layer protects the solar cells from moisture and dust accumulation. And a good frame supports the solar panels.
These solar panel components are what actually make solar systems powerful and efficient. By understanding their functions, you’ll be able to make a good choice regarding the kind of system for your home or business.
Conclusion
The initial investment in solar panels is a lot, but worth it if you invest in the right system. And that's exactly why a better understanding of the components of solar panel is necessary, to decide on the right solar panel system. These main solar panel components are what make a solar system successful in delivering the best results. If you're looking to invest in solar panels, take the expert guidance of KLK Ventures on the perfect solar solutions for your business or home.